China's cotton textile industry embarked on upgrade accelerator analysis

Textile is a labor-intensive industry. When we talk about textile mills, people will always have a scene in which textile workers are busy with white dresses.

Now, this traditional image is quietly changing. In Wuxi, there is only one spinning workshop with more than 100 people. The whole plant relies on 90,000 sensors and ERP systems and e-commerce support to achieve a good integration of informatization and textile production, management, and operations. The machine is running at a fast speed, the yarn is flying on the spindle, and even a figure cannot be seen in some places. This company with a history of more than 90 years has undergone continuous process reengineering and innovative work methods. The scale of the company has increased five-fold, while the number of workers has been greatly reduced. There are only 18 people working for ten thousand spindles.

The development path of Wuxi I cotton reflects the adjustment and upgrade of China's cotton textile industry in the past 10 years: from extensive scale expansion to comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, with technological innovation, product innovation, mechanism innovation, system innovation, and management Innovation, difficulty in recruiting labor, increased labor costs, corporate profits squeezed, and other difficulties.

Transforming efficiency from big to strong

Since 2000, China's cotton textile industry has entered another period of rapid development. During the eight years from 2001 to 2008, the national ring spinning machine has grown by more than 52 million spindles, which is more than the sum of the previous decades. “120 million ring spinning, 2.23 million rotor spinning, and 1.26 million looms”. With such a set of data, the spinning production capacity of China's cotton textile industry has exceeded 50% of the global total. No one can shake it.

However, the extensive development model focusing only on scale expansion has also brought about various drawbacks. The first is the shortage of raw materials. From 2001 to 2007, yarn production in China grew at a rate of 17.5% per year. The demand for cotton continued to increase, and there was a large gap in cotton supply. Second, the high-speed expansion of production capacity has increased the consumption of electricity and other energy sources. In addition, the tight supply of cotton has driven the demand for viscose fiber, polyester and other chemical fiber products, which has increased the pressure on environmental governance.

In this situation, relevant government departments and trade associations actively called for and guided the cotton textile industry to take a new road to industrialization and achieve scientific development: it is not only necessary to focus on the growth of quantity and production capacity, but also to eliminate backward production capacity and achieve industrial upgrading.

Under the pressure of internal and external pressure, cotton textile companies rely on advances in science and technology to promote industrial restructuring. In the past 10 years, the modern cotton textile production technology has been promoted and applied: the application of advanced equipment has been increased, the potential of the equipment has been tapped, high-speed and high-yield spinning weaving has been achieved, and the product quality has been guaranteed; the application scope of the new cotton textile technology has been gradually expanded, and compact spinning technology has been The application of jet, vortex spinning and rotor spinning technology produces new yarn varieties with different styles for the downstream processes, which not only meets the market demand but also brings better benefits to the company. The two integration technologies promote the establishment of enterprises. Rapid response mechanism; standardization construction continues to strengthen.

In the past 10 years, the structure of cotton textile products has been further optimized: the number of new products has gradually increased, products have become more refined and functionalized, and the added value has been improved. With the increase in the proportion of advanced technology and equipment, the quality of products has gradually increased; the proportion of new product output value has been increasing year by year. increase. At the same time, through promoting the use of less and no PVA sizing, fiber recycling recycling, upgrading dyeing technology to reduce pollution, and actively promote wastewater recycling, promote the development of recycling economy.

Identifying differences in positioning development

The external environment has changed and the market situation has changed rapidly. In the past 10 years, the development of China's cotton textile industry has been on a wave-like upward trend. However, whether it is in the peak or in the trough, some dominant companies have maintained steady development.

A careful analysis of successful cotton textile companies reveals that these companies can be divided into several types.

One is the quality type, Anhui Huamao Group is one of the representatives. Huamao Group enjoys a reputation for quality management and high-quality products at home and abroad. In recent years, it has adhered to the fine line of “high quality, low cost, high labor productivity, and good economic returns”. Over the years, Huamao Group and the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have collaborated on the research of the raw materials of velveteen cotton to improve the quality of the yarn. The technological transformation of the spinning equipment has achieved a yarn quality of 5% to 25 Uster Bulletin 2007. %s level. Advanced technology has become an important guarantee for the quality of Huamao's innovative products.

The second type is the technical type, represented by Shandong Lutai Textile Co., Ltd. As the world's largest manufacturer of high-end yarn-dyed fabrics, Luthai has led the industry in technological development and focused on technological research and development after its capacity expansion strategy was completed. It has achieved fruitful results in independent innovation. Advanced technology and equipment have achieved high value-added products, and the company's new product profit rate has reached more than 28%.

The third species is a variety type. Shandong Dezhou Huayuan Ecological Technology Co., Ltd. can be considered as a typical model. Huayuan Ecological Co., Ltd. is small in scale but has first-class technology and management level. It has advanced domestic textile equipment and is equipped with world-class spinning equipment and accessories. Based on the market demand, the company successfully developed new types of functional yarns such as modal, Tencel, bamboo fiber, moisture wicking fiber, lightweight thermal insulation fiber, copper ammonia fiber, heating fiber, nylon fiber, soybean fiber and cashmere. More than 70 varieties can be produced, realizing small batches and varieties. Products are sold throughout the country and exported to South Korea, Japan and other countries and regions, enjoy a good reputation, with an average profit rate of 10%.

In fact, there are a number of advantageous enterprises in the cotton textile industry. They have different positioning and different characteristics. However, they have outstanding advantages in the development of quality, technology, and variety, and have formed a strong core competitiveness, thus achieving sustainability. development of. According to statistics, about 10% of the 12,000 cotton textile companies account for 90% of the profits of the industry. With the further concentration of resources on leading enterprises, the structural transformation of China's cotton textile industry is accelerating.